Procedures which cause marked anxiety, fear, pain or distress
where any suffering caused is ended by euthanasia or by therapeutic or other interventions
before it becomes excessive or where the suffering is short-lived and complete
recovery can occur. Experiments which cause moderate anxiety, fear, pain or distress
for long periods.
For instance: recovery from major surgery done under
general anaesthetic but without the use of pain killer after the operation
(e.g. reference animals used in studies to test how well particular pain
killers work after surgery done under anaesthetic); marked social or
environmental deprivation; capture, handling, restraint or housing, without
the use of tranquillisers, of wild or semi-domesticated animals that
exhibit marked flight responses.
Severe suffering or noxiousness. Procedures require strong justification.
