Dr Christopher Rayner MBBS PhD FRACP
Current Appointments | Biography | Staff & Students | Publications
Current Appointments
| Gwendolyn Michell Senior Lecturer, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide |
| Associate Member, Hanson Research Institute |
| Consultant Gastroenterologist, Royal Adelaide Hospital |
Biography
Chris Rayner returned to Adelaide in 2004 after 2 years’ postdoctoral research at St Mark’s Hospital, London. His research concerns the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract in health and disease. A particular focus is the interaction between nutrients and the gut, including the release of small intestinal peptides that regulate appetite, blood glucose, and gastrointestinal motility.
Current research projects are investigating:
• The determinants of release of “incretin” peptides from the small intestine
• Characterisation of small intestinal flow patterns and their relationship to glucose absorption
• Glucose sensing in the small intestine
• The mechanisms of disordered stomach function in diabetes
• Blood glucose control in people with cystic fibrosis
• Dietary strategies to optimise postprandial blood glucose in people with diabetes
Key techniques include:
• Gastrointestinal manometry
• Intraluminal impedance monitoring to measure flow events in the small intestine
• 3D gastric ultrasound
• Scintigraphy
• Breath tests for gastric emptying
• Assays for gut peptides (GLP-1, GIP, CCK, PYY, ghrelin)
Staff
Ms Niva Nair, Research Assistant
Ms Anna Creelman, Research Assistant
Higher Degree Students
Dr Paul Kuo – PhD
Dr Jing Ma - PhD
Ms Lora Vanis - PhD
Current Fundded Research
2007-11 NHMRC CCRE Grant 453557: Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in nutritional physiology, interventions and outcomes. M Horowitz, P Clifton, G Wittert, I Chapman, R Fraser, C Rayner, C Feinle-Bisset, K Jones. ($2,000,000)
2007-09 NHMRC Project grant 453647: Upper gastroduodenal motility and glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus. M Horowitz, K Jones, C Rayner, C Feinle-Bisset, A Smout, M Samsom. ($522,000)
2007-09 NHMRC Project grant 453650: Pathophysiology of postprandial hypotension in the elderly - role of "gastric" and "small intestinal" mechanisms. K Jones, M Horowitz, I Chapman, C Feinle-Bisset, C Rayner. ($450,813)
2007 Diabetes Australia Research Trust Research Grant Program: Acute and chronic effects of high- and low-fat “preloads” on gastric emptying, glycaemia, gastrointestinal hormones and energy intake in type 2 diabetes – a preliminary study. M Horowitz, K Jones, P Clifton, C Rayner, C Feinle-Bisset ($50,000)
2007 RAH / IMVS Research Committee Clinical Project Grant: Sweet taste receptor molecules in the small intestine of humans with diabetes mellitus.
C Rayner, R Young, A Blackshaw, M Horowitz. ($19,150)
Recent Publications
Journal Articles
Karamanlis A, Chaikomin R, Doran S, Bellon M, Bartholomeusz FD, Wishart JM, Jones KL, Horowitz M, Rayner CK. Effects of protein on glycemic and incretin responses, and gastric emptying, after oral glucose in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr (in press).
Rayner CK, Jones KL, Ashley Blackshaw L, Horowitz M. The diabetic gut - both aching and unfeeling? Pain (in press)
Kuo P, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. Pathophysiology and management of diabetic gastropathy : a guide for endocrinologists. Drugs. 2007;67:1671-87.
Pilichiewicz AN, Chaikomin R, Brennan IM, Wishart JM, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Smout AJ, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C. Load-dependent effects of duodenal glucose on glycemia, gastrointestinal hormones, antropyloroduodenal motility, and energy intake in healthy men. Am J Physiol 2007;293:E743-53.
Chaikomin R, Wu K-L, Doran S, Jones KL, Smout AJ, Renooij W, Holloway RH, Meyer JH, Horowitz M, Rayner CK. Concurrent duodenal manometric and impedance recording to evaluate the effects of hyoscine on motility and flow events, glucose absorption, and incretin release. Am J Physiol 2007; 292: G1099-104
Phillips LK, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. An update on autonomic neuropathy affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Diab Rep. 2006;6: 417-23
Chaikomin R, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. Upper gastrointestinal function and glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12: 5611-21
Horowitz M, Jones KL, Rayner CK, Read NW. ‘Gastric’ hypoglycaemia – an important concept in diabetes management. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2006;18: 405-7
Rayner CK, Horowitz M. Gastrointestinal motility and glycemic control in diabetes: the chicken and the egg revisited? J Clin Invest 2006; 116: 299-302
Chaikomin R, Russo A, Rayner CK, Feinle-Bisset C, O’Donovan DG, Horowitz M, Jones KL. Effects of lipase inhibition on gastric emptying and alcohol absorption in healthy subjects. Br J Nutr 2006;96:883-7.
Wu K-L, Chaikomin R, Doran S, Jones KL, Horowitz M, Rayner CK. Artificially sweetened versus regular mixers increase gastric emptying and alcohol absorption. Am J Med 2006;119:802-4.
Little TJ, Doran S, Meyer JH, Smout AJPM, O’Donovan DG, Wu K-L, Jones KL, Wishart J, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C. The release of GLP-1 and ghrelin, but not GIP and CCK, by glucose is dependent upon the length of small intestine exposed. Am J Physiol 2006;291:E647-55.
Gentilcore D, Chaikomin R, Jones KL, Russo A, Feinle-Bisset C, Wishart J, Rayner C, Horowitz M. Effects of fat on gastric emptying of and the glycemic, insulin, and incretin responses to a carbohydrate meal in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:2062-7
Rayner CK, Horowitz M. New management approaches for gastroparesis. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 2:454-62.
Rayner CK. Dealing with Gastro-oesophageal reflux during pregnancy. Business Briefing: European Gastroenterology Review 2005.
Rayner C. Dealing with reflux in pregnancy. Medicine Today 2005; 6: 65-6
Chaikomin R, Doran S, Jones KL, Feinle-Bisset C, O'Donovan D, Rayner CK, Horowitz M. Initially more rapid small intestinal glucose delivery increases plasma insulin, GIP and GLP-1, but does not improve overall glycemia in healthy subjects. Am J Physiol 2005; 289:E504-7
Nguyen NQ, Rayner CK, Schoeman MN. Push enteroscopy alters management in a majority of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005; 20 : 716-21
Rayner CK, Hart AL, Hayward CM, Emmanuel AV, Kamm MA. Azathioprine dose escalation in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20: 65-71
Zhang Q, Horowitz M, Rigda R, Rayner C, Worynski A, Holloway RH. Effect of hyperglycemia on triggering of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations. Am J Physiol. 2004;286:G797-803.
Rayner CK, Schwartz MP, van Dam PS, Renooij W, de Smet M, Horowitz M, Wishart JM, Smout AJ, Samsom M. Upper gastrointestinal responses to intraduodenal nutrient in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 16: 183
Knowles CH, Scott SM, Rayner C, Glia A, Lindberg G, Kamm MA, Lunniss PJ. Idiopathic slow-transit constipation: an almost exclusively female disorder. Dis Colon Rectum 2003;46:1716-7.
Rayner CK, McCormack G, Emmanuel AV, Kamm MA. Long-term results of low-dose intravenous ciclosporin for acute severe ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;18:303-8.
Worthley DL, Rayner CK, Devitt PG, Fraser R. Gastric hemorrhage as a late complication of splenic artery aneurysm repair: a dramatic way to vent one’s spleen. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18: 604-5
Rayner CK, Schwartz MP, van Dam PS, Renooij W, de Smet M, Horowitz M, Smout AJ, Samsom M. Small intestinal glucose absorption and duodenal motility in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97: 3123-30
Rayner CK, Burnet SP, McNeil JD. Osseous sarcoidosis--a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2002; 20: 546-8
Horowitz M, O'Donovan D, Jones KL, Feinle C, Rayner CK, Samsom M. Gastric emptying in diabetes: clinical significance and treatment. Diabet Med 2002;19: 177-94
Horowitz M, Su YC, Rayner CK, Jones KL. Gastroparesis: prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Can J Gastroenterol 2001;15: 805-13
Rayner CK, Samsom M, Jones KL, Horowitz M. Relationships of upper gastrointestinal motor and sensory function with glycemic control. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 371-381
Su YC, Vozzo R, Doran S, Leelakusolvong S, Rayner CK, Chapman IM, Jones KL, Horowitz M. Effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on antropyloroduodenal motility and appetite in response to intraduodenal lipid infusion in humans. Scand J Gastroenterol 2001;36:948-54.
Rayner CK, MacIntosh CG, Chapman IM, Morley JE, Horowitz M. Effects of age on proximal gastric motor and sensory function. Scand J Gastroenterol 2000; 35: 1041-7
Rayner CK, Verhagen MAMT, Hebbard GS, DiMatteo AC, Doran SM, Horowitz M. Proximal gastric compliance and perception of distension in type 1 diabetes mellitus - effects of hyperglycemia. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95 2223-41
Rayner CK, Park HS, Wishart JM, Kong M-F, Doran SM, Horowitz M. Effects of intraduodenal glucose and fructose on antropyloric motility and appetite in healthy humans. Am J Physiol 2000; 278: R360-6
Rayner CK, Park HS, Doran SM, Chapman IM, Horowitz M. Effects of cholecystokinin on appetite and pyloric motility during physiological hyperglycemia. Am J Physiol 2000; 278: G98-104
Jones KL, Kong MF, Berry MK, Rayner CK, Adamson U, Horowitz M. The effect of erythromycin on gastric emptying is modified by physiological changes in the blood glucose concentration. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94: 2074-9
Andrews JM, Nathan H, Malbert CH, Verhagen MA, Gabb M, Hebbard GS,Kilpatrick D, MacDonald S, Rayner CK, Doran S, Omari T, O'Young E, Frisby C, Fraser RJ, Schoeman M, Horowitz M, Dent J. Validation of a novel luminal flow velocimeter with video fluoroscopy and manometry in the human esophagus. Am J Physiol 1999;276: G886-94
Russo A, Smout A, Kositchaiwat C, Sattawatthamrong Y, Rayner C, Semmler J, Horowitz M, Sun W: The effect of hyperglycaemia on cerebral potentials evoked by rapid rectal distension in healthy humans. Eur J Clin Invest 1999; 29: 512-518
Rayner CK, Smout AJPM, Sun WM, Russo A, Semmler J, Sattawatthamrong Y, Tellis N, Horowitz M. Effects of hyperglycemia on the cortical response to esophageal distension in normal subjects. Dig Dis Sci 1999; 44: 279-285
Verhagen MAMT, Rayner CK, Andrews JM, Hebbard GS, Doran SM, Samsom S, Horowitz M. Physiological changes in blood glucose do not affect gastric compliance and perception in normal subjects. Am J Physiol 1999; 276: G761-G766
Horowitz M, Rayner C, Kong M-F, Jones KL, Wishart JM, Sun W-M, Fraser R. Gastrointestinal motor function in diabetes mellitus: relationship to blood glucose concentrations. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998; 13 (Suppl.) S239-S245
Rayner CK, Horowitz M. Effects of diabetes mellitus on gastrointestinal motility. Emirates Medical Journal 1998; 16: 81-87
Andrews JM, Rayner CK, Doran S, Hebbard GS, Horowitz M. Physiological changes in blood glucose affect appetite and pyloric motility during intraduodenal lipid infusion. Am J Physiol 1998; 275: G797-G804
Book Chapters
Rayner CK, Horowitz M. Upper gastrointestinal complaints Lunenfeld, Morales & Gooren: Textbook of Health in Aging Men, 2nd Edition (in press) Taylor & Francis Medical Books, Abingdon, UK
Rayner CK, Horowitz M. Changes in gastrointestinal motor and sensory function associated with aging. In: Pathy MSJ, Morley JE, Sinclair A (eds), Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine 4th Edition, 2006. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK.
Horowitz M, Rayner CK. Chapter 102. Aging and the Gastrointestinal Tract. In: Beers MH, Jones TV eds, The Merck Manual of Geriatrics, 3rd Edition (updated), 2005. Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey
