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Electronic databases and search techniques

Agricola   |  AppSciTechIndex  |  Business Source Elite  |  CAB  |  CEDB  |  Compendex  |  DJI  |  Dow Jones Interactive  |  EAI Ebsco  |  ElectricLibrary  |  Expanded Academic Index  | GeoBase  |   Historical abstracts   |  INSPEC  | LegalPeriodical   |  PCI  |   PsycLIT  |  Sociological abstracts  |

For Australian topics see -
AGIS  |  APAIS  |  Australia/New Zealand Reference Centre  |  BUILD  |  ElectricLibrary  | ENGINE  |  HERA  |  Streamline 



EAI: Expanded academic index.  1980-
Available 24 hours Expanded Academic ASAP provides a combination of indexing, abstracts, images, and full text for scholarly and general interest journals embracing all academic disciplines.

At the Infotrac screen click on Proceed.

Getting started
At Expanded Academic ASAP Plus ingenta,  Click in the entry box and enter search term(s)  which will be matched from the words in the full text of the aticles.
There are a number of ways of searching, among them  Keyword search  and   Relevance search.

Searching EAI
The default is a Keyword search (in entire article content)  which looks for search terms within two words of each other.

  • Use Boolean operators to create a search strategy to describe your topic.
  • Type  AND  between search terms where you want individual keywords from anywhere in the record.
  • Use an * asterisk for trucation to pick up plurals and variant endings.
  • Type   W   followed by a number, between search terms, to indicate that the terms should occur close together, within the specified number of words.
  • When you want to find records containing any of the alternative words for a concept, enclose the words, separated by  OR,   in round brackets.
Some sample search strategies -
windmill*  AND  (power  OR  electric*  OR  energy)

(dam OR  dams)  AND  (impact  OR  effect*)  AND  (communit*  OR  people  OR  resident*)

Click on [Search] to bring up the Citations, that is the first 20 records resulting from your search,  with the most recent articles listed first.

Click on Back to Search to vary your search strategy.  If your search result is large, select search for words in title, citation, abstract to restrict the set.
 

Alternatively select Relevance search   (from the blue column at the left of the screen).
A  Relevance search   looks for words and word variants throughout an article.  Articles are given a higher relevancy score when they contain the search terms more often or in combination.

  • type search terms in the search bar, do NOT use Boolean operators
  • Do NOT use the * asterisk,  Relevance search   automatically searches for plurals and variant spellings.
  • use " " quotation marks to specify a phrase
  • use a + plus sign immediately in front of a search term to indicate that that word must appear in the article
Sample search strategy -  + road  "involuntary resettlement"

Click on  Search   to bring up the  Citations,  that is up to 200 records matching your search, with the most highest scoring articles listed first.
 

Display
Up to 20 records resulting from  the search are displayed at a time, use the right and left icons to move to the next, previous, first or last pages in the list of records.

  • Click on the title of the article to see the   Abstract   (summary of the paper).
  • Under the title, click on  Text,  PDF,   or   Text with graphics  to bring up the full text for an article.
  • Click the Mark  box at the left of the title, then select  View mark list  to create a subset of  Marked   articles.
Output
At the end of each article or list of Marked records, Print, e-mail, and other retrieval options  offers  Browser Print -   to reformat the article text for printing, or E-Mail Delivery -
NOTE that the default format is   Citation,   remember to select   Full article (if available)  to get the full text.

Alternatively, with each article, click on Print   in the left-hand column to reformat the article and send it to the printer in one step.

When you send a record or set to your e-mail account, your e-mail address will remain in place for the search session.
 

Modify a search strategy
At the end of each record, View other articles linked to these subjects: gives a list of the subject headings for the article, with links to   View   other articles having the same subject, or to   See also   other subheadings for the subject, eg.

   Land settlement - Research
       View                15 Periodical references
     See Also           79 other subdivisions
Use Limit the current search (optional) to restrict a set to articles with full text, or by date.

History  at the bottom of the search screen provides a list of your previous searches and allows you to  View Citations   or  Modify Search.

Advanced search provides a menu for you to combine up to three search terms from specified fields.  Use with care.

Use the links in the blue left-hand column for Help-Search, for   Retrieval  and   Search   options.
 

Click on   Back to . . .    Library  to finish your search session.
 

Go to  EAI: Expanded academic index.



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Electric Library Australasia  1990-
An international coverage of newspapers and journals.  Its full text coverage for many newspapers, makes it a useful source of local comment on issues.

SEARCHING
In  Basic  search the default search mode is  natural language:   where you type a phrase or sentence in the Search bar to describe your topic.   Natural language has an inbuilt algorithm which "interprets" search terms to find plurals and alternative spellings, eg.

 foundry at Mt. Barker
For more control over your search, select  Boolean:  search, put the cursor in the search bar  and type in a search strategy for your topic using -
  •  AND between words to indicate that each word should be found in the record;
  • "quotation marks" to indicate that the words should appear as a phrase;
  • OR between words where you can think of alternative terms for a concept. It is important to enclose these search words in brackets.
  • an astersik * as a truncation symbol, to pick up one or more different characters within or at the end of a word;
  • a question mark ?, to replace a single character within or at the end of a word.
 Read your  search sentence carefully, make sure that it says what you mean, eg.
  (reuse  OR  adaptation)  AND  "heritage building*"   AND  adelaide
Sources
The default is from all sources, with  Recent material only from Newspapers.  In addition to newspapers,  Electric Library takes material from  journals, books, pictures, maps, television and radio news service transcripts.
Decide if you want references from one source only, such as  Newspapers,  or any of the sources.  To specify a particular source, first click on  Select none  to remove all settings, then click in the box for each service to be searched.
IMPORTANT NOTE - if you are searching  Newspapers as a source, the default is  Recent material  only, pull down to change this to  All.

DISPLAY
The default display is up to 60 titles, arranged by a relevance factor.
Click on a Title to retrieve the full text of the article.

IMPORTANT NOTE!  Remember that the date is presented in the American pattern, thus  08/05/2002  is the 5th August 2002.

OUTPUT
Scroll down to  OPTIONS where you can  print or e-mail the text of the article. To E-mail Document Enter an e-mail address and click send!  Click on  Return to results to go back to your answer set or select New search.

MODIFYING A SEARCH strategy for more relevant results
To restrict a search to newspapers only,  click on   Select none   to remove the default settings, then click in the radio button for   Newspapers   as a source.  the default is to  Recent   material, change to  All  for a better coverage.

Place
You can restrict a search to material from a particular country,  scroll down and click on the radio button for Australasian Content Only.
Alternatively, you can restrict your search to a particular title by typing the title, eg.  Advertiser in the Publication bar.

Time
To trace comment at a particular time, select a Publication Date Range: remembering that the format follows the American pattern, month/day/year, eg.

 Dates between     12/01/2001    and    01/31/2002

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APAIS
A useful index to Australian journals covering public issues.  Use the same search techniques as for CAB, with the exception of the Thesaurus search which is not available in APAIS.


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CAB  1972-
Primary focus is agriculture, but also includes other issues relating to communities in rural and developing areas:  environmental and natural resources, rural development and sociology, leisure, recreation and tourism, human nutrition.   The following notes aim to provide simple search techniques for getting results from CAB and indicating the flexible features of the WebSPIRS search engine.

Getting started
At the list of    Available Databases   mark the range of years you wish to search, then    Start Searching


Searching CAB
The default search is   Find Terms: Anywhere,  a keyword option which looks for the selected words adjacent to each other, such as in a phrase.

  • If you want individual keywords from anywhere in the record, type  AND  between your search terms.
  • When you want to find records containing any of the alternative words for a concept, enclose the words in round brackets with  OR  typed between each term.
  • Use an asterisk * for truncation to collect plurals and alternative endings for a word stem.
Type your search terms in the search bar and click on  Search  eg -
(dam  OR  dams)   AND  (impact  OR  effect*)  AND  (communit*  OR  village*   OR  people)
Click here to see how it works.

Display
The first 10 records of the result of your search appear below the search bar, presented in the default display format, which gives the
  • TITLE:   of the article
  • AUTHOR(S):   of the article
  • SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CITATION):   journal title, volume, issue number, date and page numbers that enable you to find the article.  Remember, you need to check on the Library Catalogue to see if we have the item.
  • At the double arrowhead icon  <>   click on the right arrowhead  >  for the next records, the left arrowhead  <  for the previous records, or  Go To Record  number.

    Click on Complete Record  to view the full description of an article,  including the

  • LANGUAGE OF TEXT:  of the paper,
  • ABSTRACT:  a summary of the paper,
  • DESCRIPTORS:   the subject headings,
  • GEOGRAPHIC NAMES:   of areas, countries, regions
  • Press  Enter  to see the next complete record.  Click on the page icon   Show All Results  to return to the search results.

    Mark  a record by clicking on the box to the left of the title. To view the set of records created, go to Show:  (from the right-hand side of the bar above the results lists) and select Marked Results.

    To display the results of an earlier set, click on Search History  then  click on the icon to Display  the records for that search.


    Output
    To Print, Save  or  E-mail records,  select the appropriate icon from the right-hand side of the pale yellow bar above the Results List.

    The defaults are  Marked records  and  Displayed Fields.  The defaults may be changed at this stage; from  Send these records:   select for  All records, Marked records  or a specified range of  Record  numbers, then select from  Send these fields:  your prefered display format such as  Complete Record.

    NOTE  that for   E-mail  you need to fill in both the  From:  box and the  Send records to:  box, so put your address in twice!  Click on  Send Mail.  Click on  Back to the search screen.


    Extend a search from the full record by following links within a full record -

    • Click on the AUTHOR(S)  name to retrieve all other records for that name.
    • Click on a DESCRIPTOR:  to find other records which share this subject heading, eg.
      • dams-;
        development-projects-;
        displacement-:
    • Click on the SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION)  to find records for all the other papers from the journal or conference. Use with care, remember that not all of the papers will be on your topic!

    IMPROVING YOUR RESULTS ON CAB

    Specify a phrase  to be searched.
    In CAB the default search, for words without an operator between them, is to find the search terms next to each other but in any order.  To specify the exact order of the words type ADJ  between the search terms, eg.
    developing  ADJ   countries


    Use Search History  to get a list of previous searches.  To look at the results of a search again, click on the icon under  Display.

    One useful feature of  CAB is the ability to combine the results of previous searches by using the set number instead of re-typing a search strategy.

    • You can combine sets by typing the set numbers with the appropriate Boolean operator, eg.
      • #3(set number) AND  #7(set number)
    • You can make a set more specific by adding additional search terms, eg.
      • #1(set number) AND  (india OR nigeria)
    Use  Search History   to run your search strategy in another range of years from  the CAB database.
    • click on   Change   to get to the list of years, mark the box(es) to select the appropriate period, then click on  Start Searching.
    • click on  Search History  to view the list of your searches in the previously selected years
    • click on  Rerun  to find the records for the appropriate search strategy in the newly selected years.

    The  Index  provides an alphabetical list of terms in the free text fields.
    Click on  Index  then type in a word or phrase and press Enter to bring up a sequence of words and phrases beginning with the search term.
  • Click on the appropriate word or phrase to retrieve a list of records which include your search term.    Alternatively,
  • Click in the small box to the left of each word or phrase to mark the words or phrases you want searched.  Click on Search Marked  to get a list of the records which include the selected term(s).

  • The  Thesaurus  provides a list of the formal subject headings called  DESCRIPTORS:   which can be assigned to describe the content of an article.
    Click on  Thesaurus  then type in a word or phrase and click on  Go To Terms  to move to that section in the alphabetical list of   DESCRIPTORS:  or references in the   Thesaurus.
  • Click in the small box to the left of  one or more subject headings to mark the descriptors you want searched.
  • Click on Search Marked  to get a list of the articles which have been assigned one of the marked subject headings.
    Click on Explode Marked  to get a list of the articles which have been assigned one of the marked subject headings, or any of the more specific subject headings related to the headings you selected.  Use this option with care!  You can get a very large number of results.
  • Click on a subject heading to see a display of the other subject headings related to the topic.  These are arranged as   More Specific (narrower) Terms,    (Less Specific (broader) terms,   and  Related terms.
    • To search for the subject, or one or more terms, select the check boxes next to each one then click Search Marked.
    go to CAB

    Please Logout to leave the database.


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    Dow Jones Interactive.  (date varies with individual publications)
    An international database providing the full text of some 6000 sources from leading newspapers, magazines, trade journals, news wire services, government papers, and research reports. The emphasis is on business and economic news, but general news and information and social issues are also covered.  To go to  DJI click here.

    Searching
    At the DJI home page, click on  Publications Library  to  Search by Words or Phrases.  The defaults are for the system to search for words from the  Full Article  published in  All Dates   in  Aust/NZ: All Publications.
    In the search bar,   Enter words or phrases, separated by  and, or, not, to retrieve headlines that match your search.  Use the dollar sign $ as a truncation symbol to retrieve plurals or alternative endings to a word.
    For example -

    (urban  OR  suburb$)  AND  (factor$  OR  industr$  OR  manufactur$)  AND resident$
    Click on  Run Search  to activate the search.

    Words typed next to each other, without the  AND or  OR operators will be searched as phrases, eg -

    stirling engine$  AND  (electric$  OR  power  OR  energy)
    Display
    The search results are presented as a list of headlines and sources, with the oldest articles first, you may choose to change this order to Most Recent First  or  Relevance.
    • To get the full text of an article, click on the highlighted headline.
    • Return to Headlines to see the Search Results list.
    • Click in the small box to the left of the headline to select a set of relevant articles.  At the bottom of the page, click on  View Checked Articles to bring up the full text of the articles in that set.
    • NB. the date given in  DJI references follows American practice, that is month/day/year, so that 03/10/02 is 10th March 2002.
    Output
    From the full text of an article or a set you can  Format to Print/Save  an individual article or a set.  Click on the green button, then  Print  or  Save As  using the functions of your web browser.   The default extension for files is .asp, you may want to change this to .txt before saving your article.

    Modifying a search
    Click on  Search by Words  to return to the search bar.

    • To narrow a search, change the parameters to find words in Headline Only, Lead Paragraph Only  or in  Headline & Lead Paragraph.
    • You may limit a search  to  Current Year, Current & Previous Month, Current Month, Current Day  or specify a date range using the boxes provided for  month/day/year.
    • Change the publications searched using Selected Publications:

    • For a search of all available titles click the radio button adjacent to   All Publications.

      To search one of the selected Australian newspapers click on  Australian Financial Review,   or  Age (Melbourne, Australia) or  Sydney Morning Herald    then  View most recent headlines   or enter    Enter words or phrases to search for articles in this publication.

      To see if a specific paper or magazine is indexed by DJI, click on the highlighted  All Publications link to go to Publications by Title then use the directory to find titles available in the Publications Library.  From this alphabetical list, click on the title of the journal or newspaper that you want to use, then  View most recent headlines   or enter    Enter words or phrases to search for articles in this publication.

    To leave  DJI, click on  Exit  at the left hand side of the orange bar above the  Search Results  screen.

    Go to DJI.


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    Compendex  1970-
    International index to all aspects of engineering.  Includes environmental and social aspects of engineering and the history of technology.



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    Ebsco Business Source Elite 1988-
    An international coverage from over 1500 journals in business and management, with full text provided for some 1000 of the journals indexed.

    Searching
    The default is  Basic Search Keyword  with the Boolean AND operator assumed.  In the  Find:  bar type words to describe your topic. Where there are alternative words for a concept, type OR between the words and enclose the terms in round brackets.  The asterisk * is the truncation symbol.  Click on Search.

    Display
    The default display presents the 10 most recent records first in the brief format.

    Click on the title to bring up the full text of a record, where available.
    Click on <Result List to return to the results of your search.
    NB. the date given in BSE references follows the American practice, that is month/day/year, thus 07/11/2002 is 11th July 2002.

    Output
    At the    Result List   or the full text of a paper, To print, e-mail, or save an article or citation, add it to your folder  by clicking on  Add  below the folder icon on the right hand side of the sreen.  The contents of the folder are saved for the search session.   At Delivery Option:   click on the the appropriate icon to  Print | E-mail | Save to Disk   and follow the instructions.

    Modify a search strategy
    Return to  Basic Search

    Limit your results:
    to articles with   Full Text   or
    to a specific   Magazine title or
    by   Date Published
    or to  Scholarly (Peer Reviewed) Journals

    Expand your search to:
    Also search within the full text of the articles
    Aslo search for related words   to those used in your search strategy


    Other ways of searching

    Use  Search History
    Click on   Advanced Search    then click on   Search History  which allows you to use  the set number of a previous search and   AND  add more terms to your search, eg- s3  AND  impact*.
    Go to BSE

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    GeoBase
    An international index to all aspects of physical and human geography, including  urban and rural communities, ecology, environmental studies, geology and geophysics, international development, oceanography.
    Use the same search techniques as for CAB, with the exception of the Thesaurus search which is not available in Geobase.

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    INSPEC  1969-
    International index covering computers, control engineering, electrical engineering, electronics, mechatronics, telecommunications.  Includes human and environmental issues of technologies.
    Use the same search techniques as for CAB.



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    PsycLIT
    International index of the literature of psychology, and the psychological aspects of other disciplines including medicine, psychiatry, nursing, sociology, education, pharmacology, physiology, linguistics, anthropology, business, and law.
    Use the same search techniques as for CAB.

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    Sociological abstracts
    An international index to the social sciences, including culture and society, psychology, social policy, sociology.
    Use the same search techniques as for CAB.

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