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Searches of PubMed, Embase or Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source for Types of Studies

Compiled by Mick Draper
Last update August 2012

This site aims to provide search strategies you can click to run, or copy and paste into databases to limit searches to particular study types.

Systematic Reviews Cross Sectional Studies Retrospective Studies Validation Studies
Meta-analysis Cohort Studies Practice Guidelines Empirical Studies
Clinical Trials Longitudinal Studies Case Series  
Randomised Controlled Trials Followup Studies Comparative Studies  
Multicentre Studies Prospective Studies Evaluation Studies  
Epidemiological Studies Case Control Studies Twin Studies  

 

PubMed Information
Uni of Adelaide community should use the customised version of PubMed This version of PubMed is useful for linking to full text of articles found in searches.

Using PubMed's Clinical Queries search will include results for what PubMed calls Systematic Reviews. PubMed states that this will Display citations for systematic reviews, meta-analyses, reviews of clinical trials, evidence-based medicine, consensus development conferences, and guidelines. This can be replicated in any PubMed search by adding AND systematic[sb] to the search terms.

PubMed Limits also provide links to article types on the left hand side bar.
Click on a single article type.

If you click on more then you can select more Article Types to show in the side bar.
Then click on the Show button at the top or bottom of the screen.

 

Using PubMed Limits you can also search for Systematic Reviews using the option in the Subsets limit.

 

It's possible to produce a link to a search in the PubMed database. For each study type I've put both the link to search PubMed and the PubMed search terms I've used in the link on this web site. For the Uni of Adelaide community using the uni network, clicking on the link will search the customised version of PubMed.

 

Click here to search the Cochrane Highly Sensitive Search Strategy (2008 revision designed by Cochrane Library) it's a very broad search for finding randomized controlled trials citations in PubMed.
Alternatively copy the CHSSS below and paste it into PubMed.
Include all the parentheses in searches

((randomized controlled trial[pt] OR controlled clinical trial[pt] OR randomized[tw] OR placebo[tw] OR drug therapy[sh] OR randomly[tw] OR trial [tw] OR groups [tw]) AND humans[mh])

You can then AND in your search terms to find most of the rcts in the PubMed database relevant to your search.

PubMed Tutorials
Mick's PubMed tutorial with dentistry examples.

Official PubMed tutorial

 

Embase Information
Embase Advanced search option includes Advanced Limits for Evidence Based Medicine citations.
Click on the Advanced tab on the Embase screen.

 

Scroll down to find the Advanced Limits area and click on Evidence Based Medicine

 

Click in the boxes to the left of study types you want to retrieve.

On the Embase search screen scroll up enter your search term(s) and click on the Search button.

Mick's Embase Tutorial with dentistry examples

 

Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (DOSS) Information
DOSS includes an option for searching All Text.
All Text searching searches all the database's searchable fields, plus the full text of articles where available
Searching All Text may be important in this database as most of the journals indexed by DOSS include the full text of all the articles.

Mick's DOSS tutorial

 

Study Type Searches

The searches below were designed by Mick Draper

Systematic Reviews

PubMed
Click on this link to search PubMed for Systematic Reviews. Alternatively copy and paste the search term below into the PubMed database using AND to join it to your search terms.

systematic review[tw]

 

Embase
Copy and paste the term below into Embase. Use AND logic to join this term to your search terms to restrict the citations found to systematic reviews.

'systematic review'/syn

This will find the term systematic review plus systematic reviews if they turn up in any Embase search field.

 

Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source
Copy the terms below and paste them into Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source. Use AND logic to join these terms to your search terms. Remember to include all the parentheses in your searches.

(DE "systematic reviews (medical research)" OR SU "systematic reviews" OR TI "systematic review" OR AB "systematic review")

A search for systematic reviews on gingivitis might look like this.

(DE gingivitis OR SU gingivitis OR TI gingivitis OR AB gingivitis) AND (DE "systematic reviews (medical research)" OR SU "systematic reviews" OR TI "systematic review" OR AB "systematic review")

 

DOSS All Text
To search Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source in all text fields including full text of articles use the field tag TX.
Copy and paste the term below into DOSS. Use AND logic to combine with your search terms.

TX systematic N2 review

An All Text search for systematic reviews on paedodontics might look like this.

(TX paedodontic* OR TX pedodontic*) AND TX systematic N2 review

 

Meta-Analysis

PubMed
Search PubMed for Meta-Analysis Click on this link to perform the search, or copy and paste the search terms below into the PubMed database.
Include all parentheses in searches

(meta-analysis[pt] OR metaanalys*[tw] OR meta analys*[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('meta analysis'/syn OR (meta NEXT/1 analyses):ti,ab OR metaanalys*:ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "meta-analysis" OR SU "meta-analysis" OR TI "meta analys*" OR AB "meta analys*" OR TI metaanalys* OR AB metaanalys*)

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "meta analys*" OR TX metaanalys*)

 

Clinical Trials

including multicentre trials and randomised controlled trials

PubMed
Search PubMed for Clinical Trials. Click on this link to perform the search, or copy and paste the search terms below into the PubMed database.
Include all parentheses in searches

(clinical trial[pt] OR clinical trial*[tw] OR "phase 1 trial"[tw] OR "phase 1 trials"[tw] OR "phase i trial"[tw] OR "phase i trials"[tw] OR "phase 2 trial"[tw] OR "phase 2 trials"[tw] OR "phase ii trial"[tw] OR "phase ii trials"[tw] OR "phase 3 trial"[tw] OR "phase 3 trials"[tw] OR "phase iii trial"[tw] OR "phase iii trials"[tw] OR "phase 4 trial"[tw] OR "phase 4 trials"[tw] OR "phase iv trial"[tw] OR "phase iv trials"[tw] OR multicentre stud*[tw] OR multicenter stud*[tw] OR multicentre trial*[tw] OR multicenter trial*[tw] OR randomized controlled trial*[tw] OR randomised controlled trial*[tw] OR randomized controlled screening trial*[tw] OR randomised clinical trial*[tw] OR randomized clinical trial*[tw] OR randomised controlled clinical trial*[tw] OR randomized controlled clinical trial*[tw] OR double blind[tw] OR placebo[tw] OR rct[tw] OR random allocation[mh] OR random allocation*[tw])

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('clinical trial'/syn OR ('phase 1' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase i' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase 2' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase ii' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase 3' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase iii' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase 4' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('phase iv' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR (multicent* NEXT/1 stud*):ab,ti OR (multicent* NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('randomized controlled' NEXT/2 trial*):de,ti,ab OR ('randomised controlled' NEXT/2 trial*):ti,ab OR ('randomized clinical' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('randomised clinical' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR 'double blind':ti,ab OR placebo:ti,ab OR rct*:ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "clinical trials" OR SU "clinical trials" OR TI "clinical trial*" OR AB "clinical trial*" OR TI "phase 1 trial*" OR AB "phase 1 trial*" OR TI "phase i trial*" OR AB "phase i trial*" OR TI "phase 2 trial*" OR AB "phase 2 trial*" OR TI "phase ii trial*" OR AB "phase ii trial*" OR TI "phase 3 trial*" OR AB "phase 3 trial*" OR TI "phase iii trial*" OR AB "phase iii trial*" OR TI "phase 4 trial*" OR AB "phase 4 trial*" OR TI "phase iv trial*" OR AB "phase iv trial*" OR TI "multicent* trial*" OR AB "multicent* trial*" OR TI "multicent* stud*" OR AB "multicent* stud*" OR DE "randomized controlled trials" OR TI randomi?ed N3 trial* OR AB randomi?ed N3 trial* OR TI " double blind" OR AB " double blind" OR TI placebo OR AB placebo"OR TI rct* OR AB rct*)

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "clinical trial*" OR TX "phase 1 trial*" OR TX "phase i trial*" OR TX "phase 2 trial*" OR TX "phase ii trial*" OR TX "phase 3 trial*" OR TX "phase iii trial*" OR TX "phase 4 trial*" OR TX "phase iv trial*" OR TX "multicent* trial*" OR TX "multicent* stud*" OR TX randomi?ed N3 trial* OR TX " double blind" OR TX placebo OR TX rct*)

 

Randomised Controlled Trials

PubMed
Search PubMed for Randomised Controlled Trials. Click on this link to perform the search, or copy and paste the search terms below into the PubMed database.
Include all parentheses in searches

(randomized controlled trial[pt] OR randomized controlled trial*[tw] OR randomised controlled trial*[tw] OR randomized clinical[tw] OR randomised clinical[tw] OR double blind[tw] OR randomized placebo[tw] OR randomised placebo[tw] OR rct*[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('randomized controlled trial'/syn OR ('randomized controlled' NEXT/2 trial*):ti,ab OR ('randomised controlled' NEXT/2 trial*):ti,ab OR ('randomized clinical' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR ('randomised clinical' NEXT/1 trial*):ab,ti OR 'double blind':ti,ab OR 'randomized placebo':ti,ab OR 'randomised placebo':ti,ab OR rct*:ti,ab)

 

DOSS
(DE "randomized controlled trials" OR TI randomi?ed N1 controlled N2 trial* OR AB randomi?ed N1 controlled N2 trial* OR TI randomi?ed N2 clinical N2 trial* OR AB randomi?ed N2 clinical N2 trial* OR TI randomi?ed N2 double N2 blind OR AB randomi?ed N2 double N2 blind OR TI randomi?ed N2 placebo OR AB randomi?ed N2 placebo OR TI rct* OR AB rct*)

DOSS All Text
(TX randomi?ed N1 controlled N2 trial* OR TX randomi?ed N2 clinical N2 trial* OR TX randomi?ed N2 double N2 blind OR TX randomi?ed N2 placebo OR TX rct*)

 

Multicentre Studies

PubMed
Search PubMed for Multicentre Studies
Include all parentheses in searches

(multicenter study[pt] OR multicentre stud*[tw] OR multicenter stud*[tw] OR multicentre trial*[tw] OR multicenter trial*[tw] OR multi centre stud*[tw] OR multi center stud*[tw] OR multi centre trial*[tw] OR multi center trial*[tw] OR multicentre analys*[tw] OR multicenter analys*[tw] OR multi centre analys*[tw] OR multi center analys*[tw] OR multicentre survey*[tw] OR multicenter survey*[tw] OR multi centre survey*[tw] OR multi center survey*[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('multicenter study'/syn OR (multicenter NEXT/1 (trial* OR stud* OR analys* OR survey*)):de,ti,ab OR (multicentre NEXT/1 (trial* OR stud* OR analys* OR survey*)):ti,ab OR ('multi center' NEXT/1 (trial* OR stud* OR analys* OR survey*)):de,ti,ab OR ('multi centre' NEXT/1 (trial* OR stud* OR analys* OR survey*)):ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(TI multicentre OR TI multicenter OR TI "multi centre" OR TI "multi center" OR AB multicentre OR AB multicenter OR AB "multi centre" OR AB "multi center")

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX multicent* OR TX "multi cent*")

 

Epidemiological Studies

PubMed
Search PubMed for Epidemiological Studies. Click on this link to perform the search, or copy and paste the search terms below into the PubMed database.
Include all parentheses in searches.

(epidemiologic studies[mh] OR epidemiologic stud*[tw] OR epidemiological stud*[tw] OR case-control studies[mh] OR case control*[tw] OR case base*[tw] OR case referent*[tw] OR case compeer*[tw] OR case comparison*[tw] OR cohort studies[mh] OR cohort stud*[tw] OR concurrent stud*[tw] OR incidence stud*[tw] OR cohort analys*[tw] OR longitudinal stud*[tw] OR longitudinal survey*[tw] OR longitudinal evaluation[tw] OR longitudinal method[tw] OR follow up stud*[tw] OR followup stud*[tw] OR prospective stud*[tw] OR prospective analys*[tw] OR retrospective stud*[tw] OR retrospective design[tw] OR retrospective panel stud*[tw] OR cross sectional stud*[tw] OR cross sectional analys*[tw] OR cross sectional method[tw] OR cross sectional survey*[tw] OR cross sectional design*[tw] OR cross sectional research[tw] OR disease frequency survey*[tw] OR prevalence stud*[tw] OR seroepidemiologic stud*[tw] OR seroepidemiological stud*[tw] OR seroprevalence*[tw])

Epidemiological Studies (as above) plus MeSH subheading epidemiology
You can view the definition of epidemiology as a subheading here.

(epidemiologic studies[mh] OR epidemiologic stud*[tw] OR epidemiological stud*[tw] OR case-control studies[mh] OR case control*[tw] OR case base*[tw] OR case referent*[tw] OR case compeer*[tw] OR case comparison*[tw] OR cohort studies[mh] OR cohort stud*[tw] OR concurrent stud*[tw] OR incidence stud*[tw] OR cohort analys*[tw] OR longitudinal stud*[tw] OR longitudinal survey*[tw] OR longitudinal evaluation[tw] OR longitudinal method[tw] OR follow up stud*[tw] OR followup stud*[tw] OR prospective stud*[tw] OR prospective analys*[tw] OR retrospective stud*[tw] OR retrospective design[tw] OR retrospective panel stud*[tw] OR cross sectional stud*[tw] OR cross sectional analys*[tw] OR cross sectional method[tw] OR cross sectional survey*[tw] OR cross sectional design*[tw] OR cross sectional research[tw] OR disease frequency survey*[tw] OR prevalence stud*[tw] OR seroepidemiologic stud*[tw] OR seroepidemiological stud*[tw] OR seroprevalence*[tw] OR epidemiology[sh])

 

Embase
Include all the parentheses in searches

((epidemiolog* NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR 'case control study'/syn OR (case NEXT control*):ti,ab  OR (case NEXT (base* OR referent* OR compeer* OR comparison*)):ti,ab OR (cohort NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (concurrent NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (incidence NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR 'cohort analysis'/syn OR (concurrent NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (incident NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR 'longitudinal study'/syn OR (longitudinal NEXT/1 survey*):ti,ab OR 'longitudinal method':ti,ab OR ('follow up' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (followup NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 analys*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (retrospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR ('retrospective design'):ti,ab OR ('retrospective panel' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT stud*):de,ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT analys*):ti,ab OR 'cross sectional method':ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT survey*):ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT design*):ti,ab OR 'cross sectional research':ti,ab OR ('disease frequency' NEXT survey*):ti,ab OR (prevalence NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (seroepidemiologic NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (seroepidemiological NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR seroprevalence*:ti,ab)

 

Epidemiological Studies (as above plus Embase search for diseases with the subheading epidemiology

(((epidemiolog* NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR 'case control study'/syn OR (case NEXT control*):ti,ab  OR (case NEXT (base* OR referent* OR compeer* OR comparison*)):ti,ab OR (cohort NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (concurrent NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (incidence NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR 'cohort analysis'/syn OR (concurrent NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (incident NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR 'longitudinal study'/syn OR (longitudinal NEXT/1 survey*):ti,ab OR 'longitudinal method':ti,ab OR ('follow up' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (followup NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 analys*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (retrospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR ('retrospective design'):ti,ab OR ('retrospective panel' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT stud*):de,ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT analys*):ti,ab OR 'cross sectional method':ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT survey*):ti,ab OR ('cross sectional' NEXT design*):ti,ab OR 'cross sectional research':ti,ab OR ('disease frequency' NEXT survey*):ti,ab OR (prevalence NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (seroepidemiologic NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR (seroepidemiological NEXT stud*):ti,ab OR seroprevalence*:ti,ab) OR 'diseases'/exp/dm_ep)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(SU epidemiologic W3 stud* OR KW epidemiologic W3 stud* OR TI epidemiologic W3 stud* OR SU epidemiological W3 stud* OR KW epidemiological W3 stud* OR TI epidemiological W3 stud* OR SU "case control " OR KW "case control " OR TI "case control " OR DE "cohort analysis " OR SU "cohort analysis" OR TI "cohort analysis" OR TI "cohort stud*" OR TI incidence W3 stud* OR DE "longitudinal method" OR SU "longitudinal method" OR TI longitudinal W3 stud* OR TI longitudinal W3 survey* OR TI longitudinal  W3 evaluation* OR SU "follow-up stud*" OR TI followup W2 stud* OR SU prospective W3 stud* OR TI prospective W3 stud* OR TI prospective W3 analys* OR DE "retrospective studies" OR SU "retrospective studies" OR TI retrospective W3 stud* OR TI retrospective W3 design* OR TI "cross sectional" W3 stud* OR TI "cross sectional" W3 analys* OR DE "cross-sectional method" OR SU "cross-sectional method" OR TI "cross sectional" W3 survey* OR TI "cross sectional design*" OR TI "cross sectional" W3 research OR TI "prevalence stud*")

 

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX epidemiologic W3 stud* OR TX epidemiological W3 stud* OR TX "case control " OR TX "cohort analysis " OR TX "cohort stud*" OR TX incidence W3 stud* OR TX "longitudinal method" OR TX longitudinal W3 stud* OR TX longitudinal W3 survey* OR TX longitudinal W3 evaluation* OR TX "follow-up stud*" OR TX followup W2 stud* OR TX prospective W3 stud* OR TX prospective W3 analys* OR TX retrospective W3 stud* OR TX retrospective W3 design* OR TX "cross sectional" W3 stud* OR TX "cross sectional" W3 analys* OR TX "cross-sectional method" OR TX "cross sectional" W3 survey* OR TX "cross sectional design*" OR TX "cross sectional" W3 research OR TX "prevalence stud*")

 

Cross Sectional Studies

PubMed
Search PubMed for Cross Sectional Studies. Click on this link to perform the search, or copy and paste the search terms below into the PubMed database.
Include all parentheses in searches.

(cross sectional stud*[tw] OR cross sectional analys*[tw] OR cross sectional method[tw] OR cross sectional survey*[tw] OR cross sectional design*[tw] OR cross sectional research[tw] OR disease frequency survey*[tw] OR prevalence stud*[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('cross-sectional study'/syn OR ('cross-sectional' NEXT/1 analys*):ti,ab OR ('cross-sectional' NEXT/1 survey*):ti,ab OR 'cross sectional method':ti,ab OR ('disease frequency' NEXT/1 survey*):ti,ab OR (prevalence NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab)

 

DOSS
(DE "cross-sectional method" OR SU "cross-sectional method" OR TI "cross-sectional method" OR AB "cross-sectional method" OR TI "cross-sectional research" OR AB "cross-sectional research" OR TI "cross-sectional stud*" OR AB "cross-sectional stud*" OR TI "cross-sectional analys*" OR AB "cross-sectional analys*" OR TI "cross-sectional survey*" OR AB "cross-sectional survey*" OR TI "disease frequency survey*" OR AB "disease frequency survey*" OR TI "prevalence stud*" OR AB "prevalence stud*")

DOSS All Text
 (TX "cross sectional method" OR TX "cross sectional research" OR TX "cross sectional stud*" OR TX "cross sectional analys*" OR TX "cross sectional survey*" OR TX "disease frequency survey*" OR TX "prevalence stud*")

 

Cohort Studies

including Retrospective Studies

PubMed
Search PubMed for Cohort Studies.
Include all parentheses in searches.

(cohort studies[mh] OR cohort stud*[tw] OR concurrent stud*[tw] OR incidence stud*[tw] OR cohort analys*[tw] OR longitudinal stud*[tw] OR longitudinal survey*[tw] OR longitudinal evaluation[tw] OR longitudinal method[tw] OR follow up stud*[tw] OR followup stud*[tw] OR prospective stud*[tw] OR prospective analys*[tw] OR retrospective stud*[tw] OR retrospective design[tw] OR retrospective panel stud*[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('cohort analysis'/syn OR (concurrent NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (incident NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR longitudinal study/syn OR (longitudinal NEXT/1 survey*):ti,ab OR 'longitudinal method':ti,ab OR ('follow up' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (followup NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 analys*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (retrospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR ('retrospective design'):ti,ab OR ('retrospective panel' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "cohort analysis" OR SU "cohort analysis" OR TI "cohort analys*" OR AB "cohort analys*" OR TI "concurrent stud*" OR AB "concurrent stud*" OR TI "incident stud*" OR AB "incident stud*" OR TI "longitudinal stud*" OR AB "longitudinal stud*" OR TI "longitudinal survey*" OR AB "longitudinal survey*" OR TI "longitudinal evaluation" OR DE "longitudinal method" OR SU "longitudinal method" OR TI "longitudinal method" OR AB "longitudinal method" OR TI "follow up stud*" OR AB "follow up stud*" OR TI "followup stud*" OR AB "followup stud*" OR TI "prospective analys*" OR AB "prospective analys*" OR TI "prospective stud*" OR AB "prospective stud*" OR TI "retrospective stud*" OR AB "retrospective stud*" OR TI "retrospective design" OR AB "retrospective design" OR TI "retrospective panel stud*" OR AB "retrospective panel stud*")

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "cohort analys*" OR TX "concurrent stud*" OR TX "incident stud*" OR TX "longitudinal stud*" OR TX "longitudinal survey*" OR TX "longitudinal evaluation" OR TX "longitudinal method" OR TX "follow up stud*" OR TX "followup stud*" OR TX "prospective analys*" OR TX "prospective stud*" OR TX "retrospective stud*" OR TX "retrospective design" OR TX "retrospective panel stud*")

 

Longitudinal Studies

PubMed
Search PubMed for Longitudinal Studies
Include all parentheses in searches

(longitudinal studies[mh] OR longitudinal stud*[tw] OR longitudinal survey*[tw] OR longitudinal evaluation*[tw] OR longitudinal method[tw] OR follow up stud*[tw] OR followup stud*[tw] OR prospective stud*[tw] OR prospective method[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

((longitudinal NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (longitudinal NEXT/1 survey*):ti,ab OR (longitudinal NEXT/1 evaluation*):ti,ab OR 'longitudinal method':ti,ab OR 'follow up'/syn OR (followup NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 analys*):ti,ab OR (prospective NEXT/1 stud*):de,ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "longitudinal method" OR SU "longitudinal method" OR TI "longitudinal method" OR AB "longitudinal method" OR TI "longitudinal stud*" OR AB "longitudinal stud*" OR TI "longitudinal survey*" OR AB "longitudinal survey*" OR TI "longitudinal evaluation" OR AB"longitudinal evaluation" OR TI "follow up stud*" OR AB "follow up stud*" OR TI "followup stud*" OR AB "followup stud*" OR TI "prospective analys*" OR AB "prospective analys*" OR TI "prospective stud*" OR AB "prospective stud*")

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "longitudinal method" OR TX "longitudinal stud*" OR TX "longitudinal survey*" OR TX "longitudinal evaluation" OR TX "follow up stud*" OR TX "followup stud*" OR TX "prospective analys*" OR TX "prospective stud*")

 

Followup Studies

PubMed
 Search PubMed for Follow Up Studies.
Include all parentheses in searches

(follow up[tw] OR followup[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('follow up'/syn OR followup:ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "follow-up studies (Medicine)" OR SU "follow-up" OR TI "follow up" OR AB "follow up" OR TI followup OR AB followup)

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "follow up" OR TX followup)

 

Prospective Studies

Search PubMed for Prospective Studies.
Include all parentheses in searches

(prospective stud*[tw] OR prospective method[tw] OR prospective case series[tw] OR prospective trial*[tw] OR prospective case control[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('prospective study'/syn OR 'prospective case series':ti,ab OR 'prospective trial':ti,ab OR 'prospective trials':ti,ab OR ('prospective case' NEXT/1 control*):ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(TI "prospective stud*" OR AB "prospective stud*" OR TI "prospective method" OR AB "prospective method" OR TI "prospective case series" OR AB "prospective case series" OR TI "prospective trial*" OR AB "prospective trial*" OR TI "prospective case control" OR AB "prospective case control")

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "prospective stud*" OR TX "prospective method" OR TX "prospective case" OR TX "prospective trial*")

 

Case Control Studies

including Retrospective Studies

Search PubMed for Case Control Studies
Include all parentheses in searches

(case-control studies[mh] OR case control*[tw] OR case base*[tw] OR case referent*[tw] OR case compeer*[tw] OR case comparison*[tw] OR retrospective stud*[tw] OR retrospective design[tw] OR retrospective panel stud*[tw] OR ex post facto design[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('case control study'/syn OR (case NEXT/1 (base* OR referent OR compeer OR comparison)):ti,ab OR (retrospective NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR 'retrospective design':ti,ab OR ('retrospective panel' NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR 'ex post facto design':ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "case control method" OR SU "case control" OR TI "case control*" OR AB "case control*" OR TI "case base*" OR AB "case base" OR TI "case referent" OR AB "case referent" OR TI "case compeer" OR AB "case compeer" OR TI "case comparison" OR AB "case comparison" OR DE "case method" OR SU "case method" OR TI "case method" OR AB "case method" OR DE "retrospective studies" OR SU "retrospective stud*" OR TI "retrospective stud*" OR AB "retrospective stud*" OR TI "retrospective design" OR AB "retrospective design" OR TI "retrospective panel" OR AB "retrospective panel" OR TI "ex post facto design" OR AB "ex post facto design")

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "case control*" OR TX "case base*" OR TX "case referent" OR TX "case compeer" OR TX "case comparison" OR TX "case method" OR TX "retrospective stud*" OR TX "retrospective design" OR TX "retrospective panel" OR TX "ex post facto design")

 

Retrospective Studies

PubMed
Search PubMed for Retrospective Studies
Include all parentheses in searches

(retrospective stud*[tw] OR retrospective design*[tw] OR retrospective panel stud*[tw] OR retrospective case series[tw] OR retrospective case control stud*[tw] OR ex post facto design*[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('retrospective study'/syn OR (retrospective NEXT/4 design*):ti,ab OR 'retrospective case series':ti,ab OR ('retrospective case control' NEXT/3stud*):ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE "retrospective studies" OR SU "retrospective stud*" OR TI "retrospective stud*" OR AB "retrospective stud*" OR TI "retrospective design*" OR AB "retrospective design*" OR TI "retrospective panel*" OR AB "retrospective panel*" OR TI "ex post facto design*" OR AB "ex post facto design*")

DOSS All Text
Include all parentheses in searches

(TX "retrospective stud*" OR TX "retrospective design*" OR TX "retrospective panel*" OR TX "ex post facto design*")

 

Practice Guidelines

PubMed

Search PubMed for Practice Guidelines
Include all parentheses in searches

(practice guideline[pt] OR "practice guideline"[tw] OR "practice guidelines"[tw] OR critical path[tw] OR critical paths[tw] OR critical pathw*[tw] OR clinical path[tw] OR clinical paths[tw] OR clinical pathw*[tw] OR clinical protocol*[tw] OR clinical research protocol*[tw] OR antineoplastic protocol*[tw] OR consensus development[tw])

 

Embase
Include all parentheses in searches

('practice guideline'/syn OR 'critical path':ti,ab OR 'critical paths':ti,ab OR (critical NEXT/1 pathw*):ti,ab  OR 'clinical path':ti,ab OR 'clinical paths':ti,ab OR (clinical NEXT/1 pathw*):ti,ab OR (clinical NEXT/1 protocol*):ti,ab OR ('clinical research' NEXT/1 protocol*):ti,ab OR (antineoplastic NEXT/1 protocol*):ti,ab OR 'consensus development':ti,ab)

 

DOSS
Include all parentheses in searches

(DE guidelines OR SU guideline* OR TI guideline* OR AB guideline* OR TI "critical path" OR TI "critical paths"  OR TI "critical pathw*" OR AB "critical path" OR AB "critical paths" OR AB "critical pathw*" OR TI "clinical path" OR TI "clinical paths" OR TI "clinical pathw*" OR AB "clinical path" OR AB "clinical paths" OR AB "clinical pathw*" OR TI "clinical protocol*" OR AB "clinical protocol*" OR TI "clinical research protocol*" OR AB "clinical research protocol*" OR TI "antineoplastic protocol*" OR AB "antineoplastic protocol*" OR TI "consensus development" OR AB "consensus development")

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(TX guideline* OR TX "critical path" OR TX "critical paths" OR TX "critical pathw*" OR TX "clinical path" OR TX "clinical paths" OR TX "clinical pathw*" OR TX "clinical protocol*" OR TX "clinical research protocol*" OR TX "antineoplastic protocol*" OR TX "consensus development")

 

Case Series

PubMed

Search PubMed for Case Series

case series[tw]

 

Embase
'case series':ti,ab

 

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(TI "case series" OR AB "case series")

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TX "case series"

 

Comparative Studies

PubMed

Search PubMed for Comparative Studies
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(comparative study[pt] OR comparative stud*[tw] OR comparative method*[tw]OR intermethod comparison*[tw] OR method comparison*[tw] OR methods comparison*[tw] OR comparative effectiveness[tw] OR species comparison*[tw] OR interspecies comparison*[tw] OR sex factors[mh] OR (human*[ti] AND animal* [ti] AND compar*[ti]))

 

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('comparative study'/syn OR (intermethod NEXT/1 comparison*):ti,ab OR (method* NEAR/1 compari*):ti,ab OR 'comparative effectiveness'/syn OR ((species OR interspecies) NEXT/1 comparison*):ti,ab OR 'human versus animal comparison'/syn OR (human*:ti AND animal*:ti AND compar*:ti))

 

DOSS
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(DE "comparative studies" OR TI "comparative stud*" OR AB "comparative stud*" OR DE "comparative method" OR TI "comparative method*" OR AB "comparative method*" OR TI "method comparison*" OR AB "method comparison*" OR TI "methods comparison*" OR AB "methods comparison*" OR TI "comparative effectiveness" OR AB "comparative effectiveness" OR TI human* AND TI animal* AND TI compar*))

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(TX "comparative stud*" OR TX "comparative method*" OR TX "methods comparison*" OR TX "comparative effectiveness")

 

Evaluation Studies

PubMed

Search PubMed for Evaluation Studies
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(evaluation studies[pt] OR evaluation stud*[tw] OR evaluation method*[tw] OR evaluation design*[tw])

 

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(evaluation/syn OR (evaluation NEXT/1 stud*):ti,ab OR (evaluation NEXT/1 method*):ti,ab OR (evaluation NEXT/1 design*):ti,ab)

 

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(TI "evaluation stud*" OR AB "evaluation stud*" OR TI "evaluation method*" OR AB "evaluation method*" OR TI "evaluation design*" OR AB "evaluation design*")

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(TX "evaluation stud*" OR TX "evaluation method*" OR TX "evaluation design*")

 

Twin Studies

PubMed

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(twin study[mh] OR twin*[tw]) NOT ((animals[mh] OR plants[mh]) NOT humans[mh])

 

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(twins:de,ti,ab NOT ((animal/syn OR plant/syn) NOT human/syn))

 

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(DE "twins" OR SU twins OR DE "conjoined twins" OR DE "diseases in twins" OR TI twins OR AB twins OR TI "twin study" OR AB "twin study")

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TX twin*

 

Validation Studies

PubMed

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(validation studies[pt] OR validation stud*[tw] OR validation design*[tw] OR validation method*[tw])

 

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('validation study'/syn OR (validation NEXT/1 (design* OR method*)):ti,ab)

 

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(TI "validation stud*" OR AB "validation stud*" OR TI "validation design*" OR AB "validation design*" OR TI "validation method*" OR AB "validation method*")

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TX "validation stud*"

 

Empirical Research

PubMed

Search PubMed for Empirical Research
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(empirical research[mh] OR empirical research[tw] OR empirical stud*[tw] OR empirical method*[tw] OR qualitative research[tw] OR qualitative stud*[tw] OR qualitative interview*[tw])

 

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('empirical research':de,ti,ab OR (empirical NEXT/5 (stud* OR method*)):ti,ab OR 'qualitative research':de,ti,ab OR (qualitative NEXT/1 (stud* OR interview*)):ti,ab)

 

DOSS
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(DE "empirical research" OR TI "empirical research" OR AB "empirical research" OR TI "empirical stud*" OR AB "empirical stud*" OR TI "empirical method*" OR AB "empirical method*" OR TI "qualitative research" OR AB "qualitative research" OR TI "qualitative interview*" OR AB "qualitative interview*")

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(TX "empirical research" OR TX "empirical stud*" OR "empirical method*" OR TX "qualitative research" OR TX "qualitative interview*")

 

What sort of Study Type is best to answer a clinical question.

Adapted from Formulate a Clinical Question

Question Type Study Type
Therapy
  • Systematic review
  • Meta-analysis
  • RCT (Double Blind)
  • Cohort Study
  • Retrospective Case Control Studies
Diagnosis
  • Controlled Trial
  • Cross Sectional
  • Prospective Study
Prognosis
  • Cohort Studies
    • Prospective Studies
  • Case Control
    • Case Series, Retrospective
Aetiology/Harm
  • RCT
  • Cohort Studies
    • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Case Reports

Prevention
  • RCT
  • Cohort Studies


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