Research Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCID)

Background:

Despite availability of antibiotics for over 60 yrs, bacterial infectious diseases continue to cause massive global morbidity and mortality, accounting for more than 10 million deaths each year. The problem is being exacerbated by lack of effective vaccines, dramatically increased rates of resistance to existing antimicrobial drugs, emergence of new pathogens, and re-emergence of "old" pathogens in new guises.

Human-induced environmental changes are also affecting geographic disease distribution, and modern travel is assisting rapid global spread of highly resistant and virulent pathogen clones. The increasing proportion of the population with underlying conditions that increase susceptibility to infection is also affecting disease burden, with huge cost implications for both developed and developing economies.

Effective management of bacterial infectious diseases in the 21st century will require a two-pronged approach involving the development of cheaper and more effective vaccines, as well as novel anti-infectives refractory to known resistance mechanisms. However, formulation of optimal therapeutic and preventative strategies demands a thorough understanding of the biology of disease, particularly the complex interactions between a given bacterial pathogen and its host.

Major Research Foci and Objectives:

The study of bacterial pathogenesis has changed dramatically in recent years due to revolutionary technological developments and availability of advanced molecular and cellular tools for investigation of the pathogen-host interface. The Research Centre for Infectious Diseases is bringing together established and emerging researchers with synergistic skills to accelerate basic research into bacterial infectious disease pathogenesis, and translate basic discoveries into improved health outcomes. The major research foci are:

• Basic bacterial pathogenesis and target discovery
• Vaccine development
• Novel anti-infectives and therapeutics

Vision:

To be the pre-eminent Australian Centre of Excellence in research into the pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of bacterial infectious diseases, and to play a leading role in international collaborative efforts to fight these infections.

Aims:

• To build and co-localize a critical mass of researchers with multi-disciplinary expertise, but with a common focus on bacterial infectious diseases.
• To generate new knowledge on bacterial pathogenic mechanisms at a leading international level.
• To make a major contribution to global management of infectious diseases by translating basic research discoveries into new and improved vaccines and novel anti-infectives.
• To significantly increase external research income over 2007 levels.
• To foster the professional development of HDR students and ECRs.
• To raise the profile of infectious diseases in the public arena, as well as with State and Federal Governments, with a view to influencing decisions re resource allocation.

RCID Membership:

Director:
Prof. James Paton (NHMRC Australia Fellow)

Group Leaders:
Dr. Stephen Kidd
Dr. Christopher McDevitt
A/Prof. Renato Morona
Prof. Adrienne Paton (ARC DORA Fellow)

Research Fellows and Senior Research Officers:
Dr. Austen Chen
Dr. Layla Mahdi
Dr. David Ogunniyi
Dr. Trisha Rogers
Dr. Hui Wang

Research Officers:
Dr. Richard Harvey
Dr. Catherine Hughes
Dr. Lauren McAllister
Dr. Adam Potter
Dr. Alistair Standish
Dr Elizabeth Tran
Dr. Claudia Trappetti (Garnett-Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation Fellow)
Dr. Miranda Ween

Research Assistants:
Brock Herdman
Stephanie Philp

PhD Students:
Long Bui
James Byrne
Melissa Chai
Donald Jiang
Victoria Lewis
Mabel Lum
Pratiti Nath
Charles Plumptre
Min Teh
Alexandra Tikhomirova

Scientific Advisory Board:

• Prof. Michael Jennings (Deputy Director, Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University)
• Prof. Mark Walker (NHMRC Principal Research Fellow, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland)
• Prof. Bostjan Kobe (NHMRC Research Fellow, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland)
• Prof. Alastair McEwan (Deputy Executive Dean, Faculty of Science, University of Qld)

Research Grants Awarded to RCID Members

RCID Publications

1. Dessing, M.C., Florquin, S., Paton, J.C., and van der Poll, T. (2008). Toll-like receptor 2 contributes to antibacterial defense against pneumolysin-deficient pneumococci. Cell. Microbiol. 10:237-246.
2. Taut, K., Winter, C., Briles, D.E., Paton, J.C., Christman, J.W., Maus, R., Baumann, T., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2008). Macrophage turnover kinetics in the lungs of mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Am J. Resp. Cell Mol. Biol. 38:105-113.
3. Buchkovich, N.J., Maguire, T.G., Yu, Y., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Alwine, J.C. (2008). Human Cytomegalovirus specifically controls the levels of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP/GRP78, which is required for virion assembly. J. Virol. 82: 31-39.
4. Hayakawa, K., Hiramatsu, N., Okamura, M., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2008). Blunted activation of NF-κB and NF-κB-dependent gene expression by geranylgeranylacetone: Involvement of unfolded protein response. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 365: 47-53. 
5. Chong, D.C., Paton, J.C., Thorpe, C.M., and Paton, A.W. (2008). Clathrin-dependent trafficking of subtilase cytotoxin, a novel AB₅ toxin that targets the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP. Cell. Microbiol. 10: 795-806. 
6. Mahdi. L.K., Ogunniyi, A.D., LeMessurier, K.S., and Paton, J.C. (2008). Pneumococcal virulence gene expression and host cytokine profiles during pathogenesis of invasive disease. Infect. Immun. 76: 646-657. 
7. Kadioglu, A., Weiser, J.N., Paton, J.C., and Andrew, P.W. (2008). The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors in host respiratory colonization and disease. Nature Rev. Microbiol. 6: 288-301. 
8. Wolfson, J., Thorpe, C.M., May, K.L., Paton, J.C., Jandhyala, D.M., and Paton, A.W. (2008). Subtilase cytotoxin activates PERK, ATF6 and IRE1 endoplasmic reticulum stress-signaling pathways. Cell. Microbiol. 10: 1775-1786. 
9. Takano, S., Ando, T., Hiramatsu, N., Kanayama, A., Maekawa, S., Ohnuma, Y., Enomoto, N., Ogawa, H., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., Kitamura, M., and Nakao, A. (2008). T cell receptor-mediated signaling induces GRP78 expression in T-cells: the implications in maintaining T cell viability. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 371: 762-766. 
10. Martner, A., Dahlgren, C., Paton, J.C., and Wold, A.E. (2008). Pneumolysin released during Streptococcus pneumoniae autolysis is a potent activator of intracellular oxygen radical production in neutrophils. Infect Immun. 76: 4079-4087. 
11. Lass, A., Kujawa, M., McConnell, E., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Wójcik, C. (2008). Decreased ER-associated degradation of α-TCR induced by Grp78 depletion with the SubAB cytotoxin. Int. J.Biochem. Cell Biol. 40: 2865-2879. 
12. Ogunniyi, A.D., Paton, J.C., Kirby, A.C., McCullers, J.A., Cook, J., Hyodo, M., Hayakawa, Y., and Karaolis, D.K.R. (2008). c-di-GMP is an effective immunomodulator and vaccine adjuvant against pneumococcal infection. Vaccine. 26:4676-4685. 
13. Bernatoniene, J., Zhang, Q., Dogan, S., Mitchell, T.J., Paton, J.C., and Finn, A. (2008). Induction of CC and CXC chemokines in human antigen presenting (dendritic) cells by pneumococcal proteins pneumolysin and CbpA: the role of TLR4, NFκB and MAPKinases. J. Infect. Dis. 198:1823-1833. 
14. Byres, E., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., Löfling, J.C., Smith, D.F., Wilce, M.C.J., Talbot, U.M., Chong, D.C., Yu, H., Huang, S., Chen, X., Varki, N.M., Varki, A., Rossjohn, J., and Beddoe, T. (2008). Incorporation of a non-human glycan mediates human susceptibility to a bacterial toxin. Nature. 456: 648-652. 
15. Okamura, M., Takano, Y., Hiramatsu, N., Hayakawa, K., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2008). Suppression of cytokine responses by indomethacin in podocytes: a mechanism through induction of unfolded protein response. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 295: F1495-1503. 
16. Chen, Q., Cannons, J., Paton, J.C., Akiba, H., Schwartzberg, P.L., and Snapper, C.M. (2008). A novel ICOS-independent, but CD28- and SAP-dependent, pathway of T cell-dependent, polysaccharide-specific humoral immunity in response to intact Streptococcus pneumoniae versus pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. J. Immunol. 181: 8258-8266. 
17. Paton, J.C. and Boslego, J.W. (2008). Protein Vaccines. Chapter 28. In: Siber, G.R., Klugman, K.P., and Makela, P.H. (eds). Pneumococcal Vaccines: the Impact of Conjugate Vaccines. ASM Press, Washington DC, USA. ISBN: 978-1-55581-408-3.
18. Tocilj, A., Munger, C., Proteau, A., Morona, R., Purins, L., Ajamina, E., Wagner, J., Papadopoulos, M., Van Den Bosch, L., Rubinstein, J.L., Féthière, J., Matte, A., and Cygler, M. (2008) Bacterial polysaccharide co-polymerases share a common framework for control of polymer length. Nature Struct. Mol. Biol. 15:130-138.
19. Purins, L., Van Den Bosch, L., and Richardson, V., and Morona, R., (2008) Coiled-coil regions play a role in the function of the Shigella flexneri O-antigen chain length regulator WzzpHS2. Microbiology 154:1104-1116.
20. May, K.M. and Morona, R. (2008) Mutagenesis of the Shigella flexneri autotransporter IcsA reveals novel functional regions involved in IcsA biogenesis and recruitment of host neural Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein. J. Bacteriol. 190:4666-4676.
21. Attridge, S.R, Wallerström G, Li, B.L., Morona, R., and Holmgren J. (2009) Differential immunogenicity of Vibrio cholerae O139 variants expressing different combinations of naturally occurring and atypical forms of the serogroup polysaccharide. Vaccine 27:1055-1061.
22. Morona, R., Purins, L., Tocilj, A., Matte, A., and Cygler M. (2009) Sequence-structure relationships in polysaccharide co-polymerase (PCP) proteins. Trends Biochem Sci. 34:78-84.
23. Hayakawa, K., Hiramatsu, N., Okamura, M., Yamazaki, H., Nakajima, S., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2009). Acquisition of anergy to proinflammatory cytokines in non-immune cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress response: a mechanism for subsidence of inflammation. J. Immunol. 182:1182-1191. 
24. Ogunniyi, A.D., Grabowicz, M., Mahdi, L.K., Cook, J., Gordon, D.L., Sadlon, T.A., and Paton, J.C. (2009). Pneumococcal histidine triad proteins are regulated by the Zⁿ²⁺-dependent repressor AdcR and inhibit complement deposition through the recruitment of complement factor H. FASEB J. 23:731-738. 
25. Paton, A.W., and Paton, J.C. (2009). Subtilase cytotoxin - a new bacterial AB₅ cytotoxin family. pp. 81-89. In: Proft, T. (ed.). Microbial Toxins: Current Research and Future Trends, Horizon Scientific Press, Norwich, UK. 
26. Briles, D.E., Paton, J.C., Hollingshead, S.K, and Boslego, J.W. (2009). Pneumococcal common proteins and other vaccine strategies. pp. 908-933. In: M.M. Levine, J.B. Kaper, R. Rappuoli, M. Liu, and M.F. Good (eds.). New Generation Vaccines (4th Edition). Marcel Dekker, New York, USA.
27. Newton, H.J., Sloan, J., Bulach, D.M., Seemann, T., Allison, C., Tauschek, M., Robins-Browne, R.M., Paton, J.C., Whittam, T.S., Paton, A.W., and Hartland, E.L. (2009). Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains negative for locus of enterocyte effacement. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15: 372-380. 
28. Arévalo, M.T., Xu, Q., Paton, J.C., Hollingshead, S.K., Pichichero, M.E., Briles, D.E., and Zeng, M. (2009). Mucosal vaccination with a multi-component adenovirus-vectored vaccine protects against Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization in the lung. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 55:346-351. 
29. Winter, C., Herbold, W., Maus, R., Langer, F., Briles, D.E., Paton, J.C., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2009). Important role for CC chemokine ligand 2-dependent lung mononuclear phagocyte recruitment to inhibit sepsis in mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. J. Immunol. 182: 4931-4937. 
30. Löfling, J.C., Paton, A.W., Varki, N.M., Paton, J.C., and Varki, A. (2009). A dietary non-human sialic acid may faciliate hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Kidney Int. 76: 140-144. 
31. Du, S., Hiramatsu, N., Hayakawa, K., Kasai, A., Okamura, M., Huang, T., Yao, J., Takeda, M., Araki, I., Sawada, N., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2009). Suppression of NF-κB by cyclosporin A and tacrolimus (FK506) via induction of the C/EBP family: Implication for unfolded protein response. J. Immunol. 182:7201-7211. 
32. Harama, D., Koyama, K., Mukai, M., Shimokawa, N., Miyata, M., Nakamura, Y., Ohnuma, Y., Ogawa, H., Matsuoka, S., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., Kitamura, M., and Nakao, A. (2009). A sub-cytotoxic dose of subtilase cytotoxin prevents LPS-induced inflammatory responses, depending on its capacity to induce the unfolded protein response. J. Immunol. 183: 1368-1374. 
33. Herold, S., Paton, J.C., and Paton, A.W. (2009). Sab, a novel autotransporter of locus of enterocyte effacement-negative Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli O113:H21, contributes to adherence and biofilm formation. Infect. Immun. 77: 3234-3243. 
34. Yamazaki, H., Hiramatsu, N., Hayakawa, K., Okamura, M., Huang, T., Nakajima, S., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2009). Activation of the Akt - NF-κB pathway by subtilase cytotoxin through the ATF6 branch of the unfolded protein response. J. Immunol. 183: 1480-1487. 
35. Huang, T., Wan, Y., Zhu, Y., Fang, X., Hiramatsu, N., Hayakawa, K., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., Kitamura, M, and Yao, J. (2009). Downregulation of gap junction expression and function by endoplasmic reticulum stress. J. Cell Biochem. 107: 973-983. 
36. Martner, A., Skovbjerg, S., Paton, J.C., and Wold, A.E. (2009). Streptococcus pneumoniae autolysis prevents phagocytosis and production of phagocyte activating cytokines. Infect. Immun. 77: 3826-3837. 
37. Rogers, T.J., and Paton, J.C. (2009). Therapeutic strategies for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections. Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther. 7: 683-686.
38. Backer, J.M., Krivoshein, A., Hamby, C.V., Pizzonia, J., Gilbert, K., Ray, Y.S., Brand, H., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Backer, M.V. (2009). Chaperone-targeting cytotoxin and ER stress-inducing drug synergize to kill cancer cells. Neoplasia 11: 1165-1173. 
39. Smith, R.D., Willett, R., Kudlyk, T., Pokrovskaya, I., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Lupashin, V.V. (2009). The COG comples, Rab6 and COPI define a novel Golgi retrograde trafficking pathway that is exploited by SubAB toxin. Traffic 10: 1502-1517. 
40. Herold, S., Paton, J.C., Srimanote, P., and Paton, A.W. (2009). Differential effects of short chain fatty acids and iron on expression of iha in Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli. Microbiology. 155: 3554-3563. 
41. Hu, C.A., Dougan, S.K., Winter, S.V., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Ploegh, H.L. (2009). Subtilase cytotoxin cleaves newly synthesised BiP and blocks antibody secretion in B lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 206: 2429-2440. 
42. Buchkovich, N.J., Maguire, T.G., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Alwine, J.C. (2009). The endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP/GRP78 is important in the structure and function of the HCMV assembly compartment. J. Virol. 83: 11421-11428. 
43. Wati, S., Soo, M-L., Zilm, P., Li, P, Paton, A.W., Burrell, C.J., Beard, M., and Carr, J. M. (2009). Dengue virus infection induces GRP78 which acts to chaperone viral antigen production. J. Virol. 83: 12871-12880.
44. Potter AJ, Kidd SP, Edwards JL, Falsetta ML, Apicella MA, Jennings MP, McEwan AG. (2009). Esterase D is essential for protection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae against nitrosative stress and for bacterial growth during interaction with cervical epithelial cells. J. Infect. Dis. 200: 273-278.
45. Trappetti C, A. Kadioglu, M. Carter, J. Hayre, F.Iannelli, G.Pozzi, P.W. Andrew, M.R.Oggioni. (2009). Sialic acid: A preventable signal for pneumococcal biofilm formation, colonization and invasion of the host. J. Infect. Dis. 199: 1497-1505. 
46. Papadopoulos, M. and Morona, R. (2010) Mutagenesis and chemical cross-linking suggest that Wzz dimer stability and oligomerization affect lipopolysaccharide O-antigen modal chain length control. J. Bacteriol. 192: 3385-3393.
47. Henken, S., Bohling, J., Martens-Lobenhoffer, J., Paton, J.C., Ogunniyi, A.D., Briles, D.E., Salisbury, V.C., Wedekind, D., Bode-Böger, S.M., Welsh, T., Bange, F., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2010). Efficacy profile of daptomycin for the treatment of invasive as compared to non-invasive pulmonary infections with S. pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54:707-717. 
48. Paton, A.W., Morona, R., and Paton, J.C. (2010). Bioengineered bugs expressing oligosaccharide receptor mimics: toxin-binding probiotics for treatment and prevention of enteric infections. Bioengineered Bugs 1: 172-177. 
49. Paton, A.W., and Paton, J.C. (2010). Escherichia coli subtilase cytotoxin. Toxins 2: 215-228.
50. Zhang, Q., Bagrade, L., Clarke, E., Paton, J.C., Nunez, D.A., and Finn, A. (2010). Bacterial lipoproteins differentially regulate human primary and memory CD4+ T and B cell responses to pneumococcal protein antigens through TLR2. J. Infect. Dis. 201: 1753-1763. 
51. Beddoe, T., Paton, A.W., Le Nours, J., Rossjohn, J., and Paton, J.C. (2010) Structure, biological functions and applications of the AB5 toxins. Trends Biochem. Sci. 35: 411-418. 
52. Herbold, W., Maus, R., Hahn, I., Ding, N., Srivastava, M., Christman, J.W., Mack, M., Reutershan, J., Briles, D.E., Paton, J.C., Winter, C., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2010). Importance of CXC chemokine receptor 2 in neutrophil and exudate macrophage recruitment in response to pneumococcal lung infection. Infect. Immun. 78: 2620-2630.
53. Paton, J.C. (2010). Vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae. pp. 303-328. In: Rappuoli, R., Bagnoli, F. (eds). Vaccine Design: Innovative Approaches and Novel Strategies. Horizon Scientific Press, Norwich, UK.
54. Jandhyala, D.M., Rogers, T.J., Kane, A., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Thorpe, C.M. (2010). Shiga toxin 2 and flagellin from Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli super-induce IL-8 through synergistic effects on host SAPKinase activation. Infect Immun. 78: 2984-2994. 
55. Paton, A.W., Morona, R., and Paton, J.C. (2010). Receptor-mimic probiotics: potential therapeutics for bacterial toxin-mediated enteric diseases. Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 4: 253-255.
56. Nakajima, S., Saito,Y., Takahashi, S., Hiramatsu, N., Kato, H., Johno, H., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2010). Anti-inflammatory subtilase cytotoxin up-regulates A20 through the unfolded protein response. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 397: 176-180.
57. Potter, A.J., Kidd, S.P., McEwan, A.G., and Paton, J.C. (2010). The MerR/NmlR family transcription factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae responds to carbonyl stress and modulates hydrogen peroxide production. J. Bacteriol. 192: 4063-4066.
58. Wang, H., Paton, J.C., Thorpe, C.M., Bonder, C.S., Sun, W.Y., and Paton, A.W. (2010). Tissue factor-dependent procoagulant activity of subtilase cytotoxin, a potent AB5 toxin produced by Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli. J. Infect. Dis. 202: 1415-1423.
59. Henken, S., Bohling, J., Ogunniyi, A.D., Paton, J.C., Salisbury, V.C., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2010). Evaluation of biophotonic imaging to estimate bacterial burden in mice infected with highly virulent compared to less virulent Streptococcus pneumonia serotypes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54: 3155-3160. 
60. Ogunniyi, A.D., Mahdi, L.K., Jennings, M.P., McEwan, A.G., McDevitt, C.A., Van der Hoek, M.B., Bagley, C.J., Hoffmann, P., Gould, K.A., and Paton, J.C. (2010). Central role of manganese in regulation of stress responses, physiology and metabolism in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J. Bacteriol. 192: 4489-4497.  
61. Martin, S., Hill, D.S., Paton, J.C., Paton, A.W., Birch-Machin, M.A., Lovat, P.E., and Redfern, C.P.F. (2010). Targeting GRP78 to enhance melanoma cell death. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Res. 23: 675-682. 
62. May, K.L., Paton, J.C., and Paton, A.W. (2010). Escherichia coli subtilase cytotoxin induces apoptosis regulated by host Bcl-2 family proteins, Bax/Bak. Infect. Immun. 78: 4691-4696. 
63. Pidot SJ, Porter JL, Tobias NJ, Anderson J, Catmull D, Seemann T, Kidd S, Davies JK, Reynolds E, Dashper S, Stinear TP. (2010). Regulation of the 18 kDa heat shock protein in Mycobacterium ulcerans: crystallin orthologue that promotes biofilm formation. Mol. Microbiol. 78:1216-31.
64. Wu HJ, Seib KL, Srikhanta YN, Edwards J, Kidd SP, Maguire TL, Hamilton A, Pan KT, Hsiao HH, Yao CW, Grimmond SM, Apicella MA, McEwan AG, Wang AH, Jennings MP. (2010). Manganese regulation of virulence factors and oxidative stress resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Proteomics. 73: 899-916. 
65. Paton, A.W., Morona, R., and Paton, J.C. (2011). Designer probiotics and enteric cytoprotection. pp. 429-443. In: Malago, J.J., Koninkx, J.F.J.G., and Marinsek-Logar, R. (eds.), Probiotic Bacteria and Enteric Infections. Springer-Verlag, Netherlands. 
66. Zhao, Y., Tian, T., Huang, T., Nakajima, S., Saito, Y., Takahashi, S., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2011). Subtilase cytotoxin activates MAP kinases through PERK and IRE1 branches of the unfolded protein response. Toxicol. Sci. 120:79-86.
67. Wang, H., Paton, A.W., McColl, S.R., and Paton, J.C. (2011). In vivo leukocyte changes induced by Escherichia coli subtilase cytotoxin. Infect. Immun. 79: 1671-1679.
68. Nakajima, S., Hiramatsu, N., Hayakawa, K., Saito, Y., Huang, T., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2011). Selective abrogation of BiP/GRP78 blunts activation of NF-κB through the ATF6 branch of the UPR: involvement of C/EBPβ and mTOR-dependent dephosphorylation of Akt. Mol. Cell. Biol. 31: 1710-1718.
69. Paton, J.C., and Ogunniyi, A.D. (2011). Evicting the pneumococcus from its nasopharyngeal lodgings. Cell Host & Microbe. 9: 89-91.
70. Cox, D., Strudwick, N., Ali, A.A., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Schröder, M. (2011). Measuring signaling by the unfolded protein response. Methods Enzymol. 491: 261-292. [IF 1.9]
71. Byrne, J.P., Morona, J.K., Paton, J.C., and Morona, R. (2011). Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae Cps2C residues that affect capsular polysaccharide polymerisation, cell wall ligation and Cps2D phosphorylation. J. Bacteriol. 193: 2341-2346. [IF 3.94]
72. Coats, M.T, Murphy, T., Paton, J.C., Gray, B., and Briles, D.E. (2011). Exposure of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is dependent on pneumococcal neuraminidase A. Microb. Pathog. 50: 343-349. [IF 2.32]
73. Trappetti, C., Ogunniyi, A.D., Oggioni, M., and Paton, J.C. (2011). Extracellular matrix formation enhances the ability of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cause invasive disease. PLoS One. 6: e19844.
74. Harvey, R.M., Stroeher, U.H., Ogunniyi, A.D., Smith-Vaughan, H., Leach, A., and Paton, J.C. (2011). A variable region within the genome of Streptococcus pneumoniae contributes to strain-strain variation in virulence. PLoS One. 6: e19650.
75. Lammerts van Bueren, A., Ficko-Blean, E., Pluvinage, B., Hehemann, J.H., Higgins, M.A., Deng, L., Ogunniyi, A.D., Stroeher, U.H., El Warry, N., Burke, R.D., Czjzek, M., Paton, J.C., Vocadlo, D.J., and Boraston, A.B. (2011). The conformation and function of a multimodular glycogen-degrading pneumococcal virulence factor. Structure. 19: 640-651.
76. Goodwin, E.C., Lipovsky, A., Inoue, T., Magaldi, T.G., Edwards, A.P.B., Van Goor, K.E.Y., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., Atwood, W.J., Tsai, B., and DiMaio, D. (2011). BiP and multiple DNAJ molecular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum are required for efficient SV40 infection. mBio. 2: e00101-11.
77. Tian, T., Zhao, Y., Nakajima, S., Huang, T., Yao, J., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2011). Cytoprotective roles of ERK and Akt in endoplasmic reticulum stress triggered by subtilase cytotoxin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 410: 852-858.
78. Zhang, H., Zhao, T., Tian, T., Paton, A.W., Paton, J.C., and Kitamura, M. (2011). Oscillation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Anal. Biochem. 417:292-294.
79. Harvey, R.M., Ogunniyi, A.D., Chen, A.Y., and Paton, J.C. (2011). Pneumolysin with low hemolytic activity confers an early growth advantage to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the blood. Infect. Immun. 79:4122-4130.
80. Trappetti, C., Potter, A.J., Paton, A.W., Oggioni, M.R., and Paton, J.C. (2011). LuxS mediates iron-dependent biofilm formation, competence and fratricide in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect. Immun. 79: 4550-4558.
81. McAllister, L.J., Ogunniyi, A.D., Stroeher, U.H., Leach, A.J., and Paton, J.C. (2011). Contribution of serotype and genetic background to virulence of Serotype 3 and Serogroup 11 pneumococcal isolates. Infect. Immun. 79: 4839-4849. 
82. Steinwede, K., Tempelhof, O., Bolte, K., Maus, R., Bohling, J., Ueberberg, B., Länger, F., Christman, J.W., Paton, J.C., Ask, K., Maharaj, S., Kolb, M., Gauldie, J., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2011). Local delivery of GM-CSF protects mice from lethal pneumococcal pneumonia. J. Immunol. 187:5346-5356. 
83. Hahn, I., Klaus, A., Janze, A.K., Steinwede, K., Ding, N., Bohling, J., Brumshagen, C., Serrano, H., Gauthier, F., Paton, J.C., Welte, T., and Maus, U.A. (2011). Cathepsin G and neutrophil elastase play critical and non-redundant roles in lung protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae in mice. Infect. Immun. 79:4893-4901. 
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93. Djoko KY, Franiek JA, Edwards JL, Falsetta ML, Kidd SP, Potter AJ, Chen NH, Apicella MA, Jennings MP, McEwan AG. (2012). Phenotypic characterisation of a copA mutant of Neisseria gonorrhoeae identifies a link between copper and nitrosative stress. Infect Immun. In press (accepted 19/12/11).
94. Lum, M. and Morona, R. (2012). IcsA autotransporter passenger promotes increased fusion protein expression on the cell surface. Microbial Cell Factories. In press (accepted 20/1/12).