Molecular Reproduction

Research Leader: Professor Richard Ivell

The Molecular Reproduction group is focused on the molecular biology of differentiation processes in both the male reproductive system and in female reproduction. The group is especially interested in how xenobiotic compounds from the environment impact upon the development of the reproductive system of the embryo during pregnancy and early perinatal life, and its later effect in ageing.

There is a special focus on the development of the male reproductive system and the factors responsible for correct testis formation and the descent of the testes into the scrotum at birth. An important aspect of the groups work looks at the family of relaxin-like peptide hormones and their role in gender determination and health in both men and women. In particular we have shown that insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is an essential component in the establishment of male gender, and appears to be significantly modulated both by xenobiotic action during pregnancy and by preeclampsia.

A further key research interest of the group is to understand the diverse ways that steroid hormones can act within cells to achieve their effects in terms of altered gene expression. This work is of great relevance in understanding how steroid hormones and also environmental xenobiotics can influence the growth of reproductive-related cancers. Of particular interest here are the so-called non-classical mechanisms of steroid action for both estrogenic and androgenic compounds, which do not appear to involve a direct action of steroid receptors with the control regions of genes. Rather they involve a variety of indirect mechanisms of action within cells and tissues and probably comprise more than 90% of steroiddependent effects.

A highlight for the group was the first elaboration of the dynamics of INSL3 production and secretion within the male reproductive system for any species.

Research Priorities:

• Role and functioning of relaxin and related insulin-like peptides in human health and disease
• Mechanism of action of environmental xenobiotics during pregnancy and early life, and their impact on reproductive processes, including ageing
• Non-classical pathways used by estrogens and androgens in regulating cell function